Agricultural Engineering, Volume 48 (2016)

DETERMINATION OF CUTTING PROPERTIES OF LAVANDIN (LAVANDULA X INTERMEDIA EMERIC EX LOISEL.) AT DIFFERENT HARVESTING TIME

Deniz Yilmaz, Algirdas Jasinskas
Department of Agricultural Machinery and Technologies Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Suleyman Demirel Isparta, Turkey; Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Aleksandras Stulginskis University

Abstract

The time required to harvest plant crops is important to the plant properties. It is affected by design of the harvest equipment and the desire for high-quality products with low energy usage. In this study, we determined the cutting properties of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) at different harvesting time to be applied to the design of mechanization applications. Cutting properties of lavandin (an important medicinal aromatic plant) harvested on 12, 17, 22 and 30 July, 2012 (H1, H2, H3 and H4, respectively) were measured at the bottom and top sections of the stalk. Measurements included maximum force, bioyield force, shearing force, bending stress, shearing stress, shearing energy, and shearing deformation.

The highest maximum force (18.45 N) was at H4 on the bottom section, and the lowest was at H1 on the top. Maximum values for bioyield force, shearing force, and bending stress were at H4 on the bottom section, and corresponding minimum values were at H1 on the top section. Shearing stress decreased at successive harvest dates for both stalk sections. Strength measurements for bottom sections of the stalk were greater than those for top sections. When reduced harvesting force is needed because of harvester design or harvest procedures, harvesting near the top of the stalk is recommended.

Keyword(s): harvest time, Lavandin, mechanization means, cutting properties, stalks strength.


References

ASABE standards. S358.2: Moisture measurement e Forages. 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE).

ASAE standards. S368.1. Compression test of food materials of convex shape1985. St. Joseph, Mich.: American Society of Agriculture Engineering

H.Baydar. 2009. Science and Tecnology of Medical and Aromatic Plants. University of Süleyman Demirel Press 51, Isparta, p.p. 274-278.

H. Baydar, S. Kineci. 2009. Scent Composition of Essential Oil, Concrete, Absolute and Hydrosol from Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.), J. Essent. Oil. Bear Plants, Vol. 12 (2), p.p. 131-136.

J. Beetham, T. Entwistle. 1982. The cultivated lavenders. Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne, Australia

Y.Chen, J.L.Gratton, L.Liu. 2004. Power requirements of hemp cutting and conditioning. Biosystems Engineering, Elsevier. Vol.87 (4), p.p. 417–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2003.12.012.

S.Erbaş, H.Baydar. 2008. Effect of harvest time and drying temperature on essential oil content and composition in lavandin (Emerice x Loisel.). Turk. J. of Field Crops. 13(1): p.p. 24-31.

M.N.Galedar, A.Jafari, S. S.Mohtasebi, A.Tabatabaeefar, A.Sharifi, M.J.O’dogherty, S.Rafiee, G.Richard. 2008. Effect of moisture content and level in the crop on the engineering properties of alfalfa stems. Biosystems Engineering, Elsevier. Vol. 101 (2), p.p. 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2008.07.006

E.Guenther. 1952. The essential oils. Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co. 5: 3-38.

C.Igathinathane, A.R.Womac, S.Sokhansanj. 2010. Corn stalk orientation effect on mechanical cutting. Biosystems Engineering, Elsevier. Vol. 107, p.p. 97-106.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2010.07.005

A.Ince, S.Uğurluay, E.Güzel, M.T.Özcan. 2005. Bending and shearing characteristic of sunflower stalk residue. Biosystems Engineering, Elsevier. Vol. 92, p.p. 175–181.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2005.07.003

N. Kara, H. Baydar. 2012. Effects of Different Explant Sources on Micro propagation in Lavender (Lavandula sp.) J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants, 15 (2) 25 – 255.

C.C.Lien, H.W.Liu. 2015. Shear characteristics of napier grass stems. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 31 (1), p.p. 5-13. doi: 10.13031/aea.31.10497

O.Ozbek, A.Y.Seflek, K.Carman. 2009. Some mechanical properties of safflower stalk. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 25 (4), p.p. 619–625. doi: 10.13031/2013.27452

E.Šarauskis, L.Masilionytė, A.Andriušis, A.Jakštas. 2013. The force needed for breaking and cutting of winter wheat and spring barley straw. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, Vol. 100 (3), p.p. 269‒276.

F.Shahbazi, M.Nazarigaledar. 2012. Bending and Shearing Properties of Safflower Stalk. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, Vol. 14: p.p. 743-754.

W.Simonton. 1992. Physical properties of zonal geranium cuttings. ASABE, Vol. 35(6), p.p.1899‐1904, doi: 10.13031/2013.28813

A.K.Srivastava, C.E.Goering, R.P.Rohrbach, D.RBuckmaster. 2006. Engineering principles of agricultural machines (2nd ed.). ASABE, p. 185. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/epam.2013

H.Taghijarah, H.Ahmadi, M.Ghahderijani, M.Tavakoli. 2011. Shearing characteristics of sugar cane (Saccharumofficinarum L.) stalks as a function of the rate of the applied force. AJCS, Vol. 5(6): p.p. 630-634.

A.O.Tucker. 1985. Lavender, spike and lavandin. The Herbarist. Vol. 51: p.p. 44-50.

M.Yu, C.Igathinathane, J.R.Hendrickson, M.Sanderson, M.Liebig. 2014. Mechanical shear and tensile properties of selected biomass stems. ASABE, Vol. 57 (4): p.p. 1231-1242.


Full Text: PDF

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.
2253 views

Agricultural Engineering ISSN 1392-1134 / eISSN 2345-0371

This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Responsible editor: Dr A. Žunda.